Cine de no ficción y en primera persona hecho por descendientes de victimarios: implicación subjetiva y dilemas éticos en la creación artística

Lissette Orozco Ortiz; Ana Guglielmucci Oliva

doi:10.37785/nw.v9n2.a1

Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): JULY[DOI:10.37785/nw.v9n2]

Autobiographical documentary of descendants of perpetrators: subjective involvement and ethicaldilemmas in artistic creation

Text Complete: PDF (Spanish) MHT (Spanish)

Published: 2025-07-15

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37785/nw.v9n2.a1

Keywords:

Autobiography, documentary, Disobedient Stories, memory, military dictatorship, Chile

Lissette Orozco Ortiz

Pompeu Fabra University

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9295-2612

Ana Guglielmucci Oliva

Universidad del Rosario

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7498-264X

Abstract

In this article, from an anthropological perspective, we reconstruct the creative trajectory of two Chilean autobiographical documentaries: Adriana's Pact (Lissette Orozco, 2017) and Bastardo, the Inheritance of a Genocide (Pepe Rovano, 2023). For their filmmakers, both films involve complex processes of identity search and ethical positioning vis-à-vis their respective family lineages, marked by serious human rights violations perpetrated during the Chilean dictatorship (1973- 1990). Based on the systematization of specialized bibliography and documents, and the analysis of the narrative content of the two works, we characterize the historical contexts in which they were filmed, paying special attention to the narrative and aesthetic decisions employed. Likewise, we address the ethical and political dilemmas they went through, both in the process of making and editing, and the personal and social consequences during broadcasting. To critically address these dilemmas, we employed dialogic reflexivity, where one of the authors adopted a mediating stance between the filmmakers directly involved in the study. Some of these dilemmas have been marked by the journey of personal (dis)coverage, the exposure of intimacy and the social relationships that the filmmakers have established to find their own voice as citizens involved in the organization Historias Desobedientes-Chile.

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How to Cite

Orozco Ortiz, L., & Guglielmucci Oliva, A. (2025). Autobiographical documentary of descendants of perpetrators: subjective involvement and ethicaldilemmas in artistic creation. Nawi, 9(2), 39-63. https://doi.org/10.37785/nw.v9n2.a1

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Issue

Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): JULY[DOI:10.37785/nw.v9n2]

Section

ARTICLES

Author Biographies

Lissette Orozco Ortiz, Pompeu Fabra University

Lissette Orozco is a film and TV director and scriptwriter with a Master's degree in documentary filmmaking and is currently pursuing a Doctorate in Communications at the Pompeu Fabra University, Spain. She is a researcher in Human Rights, an activist in the collective “Historias Desobedientes” (Descendants of perpetrators for memory, truth and justice) and a university professor in several Latin American countries. Her multi-award-winning documentary "Adriana's Pact" premiered at the Berlinale where it won the peace prize, won 25 awards in the industry, was nominated for the Phoenix and Platinum awards, and had a successful run at more than 100 festivals, in academic and memory spaces. She has collaborated and advised multiple author's audiovisual works, environmental, mental health, feminist, LGBTIQ+ and human rights. She wrote articles on memory and author cinema. Her experience extends as a jury at festivals and evaluator of projects for public and private funds in Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Spain.

Ana Guglielmucci Oliva, Universidad del Rosario

Ph.D. in Anthropology (UBA). Senior Professor in the Anthropology Program at the School of Human Sciences of the Universidad del Rosario (UR). Associate Researcher at CONICET (UBA-ICA). Member of the CLACSO Working Group “Memorias colectivas y prácticas de resistencia.”
Her research interests focus on political activism and public policies related to human rights and memory in Argentina, Colombia, and Chile, as well as on the socio-technical processes of searching for, identifying, and reintegrating disappeared persons into their communities.
She is currently researching how artistic practices portray the marks and effects of war in Colombia.
She has published the books: “La consagración de la memoria. Una etnografía acerca de la institucionalización del recuerdo sobre el terrorismo de Estado en la Argentina” (2013); and “Memorias desveladas. Prácticas y representaciones colectivas sobre el encierro por razones políticas” (2007), which received an INCAA award and served as the basis for a documentary series on Argentine public television.
Together with Santiago Álvarez and Julio Spota, she co-edited the book “El proceso de paz de Colombia en la encrucijada” (2020), and with Sigifredo Leal Guerrero, the book “Vivir para contarlo. Violencias y memorias en América Latina” (2015).